Leap year every 4 Years in which the last month (Phagun) has an extra day.Contains 5 Months of 31 days followed by 7 Months of 30 days.Is Based on Gurbani – Month Names are taken from Guru Granth Sahib.As an example, FebruCE is Nanakshahi 553. Year 1 is the Year of Guru Nanak's Birth (1469 CE).Called Nanakshahi after Guru Nanak (Founder of Sikhism).Uses the accurate Tropical year (365 Days, 5 Hours, 48 Minutes, 45 Seconds) rather than the Sidereal year.Features of the Nanakshahi calendar (2003) įeatures of the original Nanakshahi calendar (2003 Version): Therefore, the calculations of this calendar do not regress back from 1999 CE into the Bikrami era, and accurately fixes for all time in the future. The Mool Nanakshahi Calendar recognizes the adoption event, of 1999 CE, in the Sikh history when SGPC released the first calendar with permanently fixed dates in the Tropical Calendar. Kirpal Singh Badungar at Takhat Sri Damdama Sahib in the presence of Sikh leadership. The calendar was implemented during the SGPC presidency of Sikh scholar Prof. The calendar was re-released in 2003 by the SGPC with three dates: Guru Nanak Dev Ji's Birth, Holla Mohalla, and Bandi Chhor Divas kept movable as per the old Bikrami system as a compromise. Due to controversy surrounding the amended calendar, it was shortly retracted. The amended Nanakshahi calendar was adopted in 1998 and released in 1999 by the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabhandak Committee ("SGPC") to determine the dates for important Sikh events. This is because the Nanaskhahi calendar uses the tropical year instead of using the sidereal year which is used in the Bikrami calendar or the old Nanakshahi and Khalsa calendars. According to Kapel (2006), the solar accuracy of the Nanakshahi calendar is linked to the Gregorian civil calendar. New Year's Day falls annually on what is 14 March in the Gregorian Western calendar. The epoch of this calendar is the birth of the first Sikh Guru, Nanak Dev in 1469 and the Nanakshahi year commences on 1 Chet.
The revised Nanakshahi calendar was designed by Pal Singh Purewal to replace the Bikrami calendar. Gian Singh wrote the Twarikh Guru Khalsa in 1891. According to Singha (1996), Gian Singh was a Punjabi author born in 1822. According to The Panjab Past and Present (1993), it is Gian Singh who "is the first to use Nanak Shahi Samvats along with those of Bikrami Samvats" in the Twarikh Guru Khalsa. Although Banda may have proclaimed this era, it cannot be traced in contemporary documents and does not seem to have been actually used for dating". Herrli (1993) states that "Banda is supposed to have dated his coins according to his new calendar. Banda Singh Bahadur also minted new coins also called Nanakshahi. According to Dilgeer (1997), Banda "continued adopting the months and the days of the months according to the Bikrami calendar". However, Singh (2008) states the date of the victory as CE. after his victory in Sirhind ( C.E.) according to which the year 1710 C.E. Banda Singh Bahadur adopted the Nanakshahi calendar in 1710 C.E. References to the Nanakshahi Era have been made in historic documents. Kay (2011) abbreviates the Khalsa Era as KE. According to Steel (2000), (since the calendar was based on the Bikrami), the calendar has twelve lunar months that are determined by the lunar phase, but thirteen months in leap years which occur every 2–3 years in the Bikrami calendar to sync the lunar calendar with its solar counterpart. The year length was also the same as the Bikrami solar year. The methods for calculating the beginning of the Khalsa era were based on the Bikrami calendar. Traditionally, both these calendars closely followed the Bikrami calendar with the Nanakshahi year beginning on Katak Pooranmashi (full moon) and the Khalsa year commencing with Vaisakhi. Sikhs have traditionally recognised two eras and luni-solar calendars: the Nanakshahi and Khalsa. The Nanakshahi Calendar is named after the founder of the Sikh religion, Guru Nanak Dev Ji.
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